TO WHAT EXTEND CAN FAMINE BE PREVENTED Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

TO WHAT EXTEND CAN FAMINE BE PREVENTED - Essay Example Prevention of famine has been a major concern for both international organizations and academic institutions. Several strategies have been employed to counter famine and its effects throughout affected regions. Prevention of famine has always attracted the attention of various disciplines, with historians giving account of its occurrence in the past. Famine situations are complex and when it hits a region, the response can be daunting to the people and institutions involved. Various researchers have attempted to develop theoretical as well as comparative interdisciplinary approach to understanding the preventive measures. In order to understand the interlink ages between starvation, disease and starvation and death. Most researchers acknowledge that famine is preventable, compared against other issues such as poverty and food insecurity. This paper will look into the extent to which famine can be prevented and the strategies that can be used to fruitful. Extent to which Famine can be Prevented Famine has been attributed as a massive social failure, and should not be perceived merely as a natural tragedy. Stated differently, famine signals that institutions, organizations, governments and policies have failed. According to Dre?ze & Sen (1989), there should be people who are criminally liable to deaths of millions. Prevention, however, is essentially concerned with the protection of entitlements (Fine, 1997) Most institutions and governments develop policies and programs that minimize the impacts of famines. The most important though should be those that lay enough groundwork for future development. The policies should ensure both famine prevention and long-term food security assurances. The policies must promote and enhance agricultural growth, especially among small-scale farmers. In addition, infrastructural development should take centre stage in the global efforts to combat famine. Environmental rehabilitation programs and effective markets should be develop ed in the fight against famine alleviation. More importantly, each political geographical region must develop capacity to design and implement proper food policies and programs at all levels. Widespread famines have ravaged Ireland, China, India, and the horn of Africa. Famine situations are very complex and to mitigate against them requires a great deal of human commitment across several institutions and individuals. This is often a regional, short-term extreme food shortage, thought of as caused by drought, ecological extinction, and a sometimes accompanied by conflicts. A number of factors including poverty, inequality, commerce that is not regulated, and insufficient food schemes often fuels famine. Malthusian theory predicts that food will grow at a much lower rate than the growth in population, which will put a strain on the existing stocks of food (Madeley, 2000). However, there are writers who have faulted this theory by asserting that modern technology can actually lead to food increasing by more than the proportional increase in population. Dre?ze & Sen (1990) who wondered why in world where certain regions produced food that is more than enough yet other regions experienced severe food situations noted this paradox. Environments are increasingly becoming with the movement of people in the form of rural to urban migration, catalysing

Communication and Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Communication and Conflict - Essay Example 71). An example of such a conflict is that between team members on the job. A common situation is when one team member wants to finish faster and therefore is willing to forego some tasks which he believes are unnecessary. The other team member, on the other hand, wants to ensure top quality and therefore would not want to rush the work. The goal of one is to finish sooner and may sacrifice quality; the other wants to ensure quality and therefore takes his time. Conflict ensues. If each person identifies and articulates his goals to the other, they often find that they could work up a compromise where the goals of each could be served by a common course of action. In the example, the team mates could agree on the level of quality and the steps necessary to attain it, with a view to reducing the time and eliminating those tasks not needed to ensure the quality. In such a scenario, the acceptable level of quality is attained at the soonest possible time. The perception of interference of goals and interests is therefore avoided, and conflict is eliminated. Page 1 question 2----Compare methods for improving conflict goals in this week's Case Study? Discuss concepts from the text, other than TRIP goals, which are addressed in the unit project. There are different methods by which conflict goals may be improved in most practical situations including the case study. First, it is important to understand that goals may change as actions are taken and the task progresses. Goals may be prospective, transactive or retrospective. Prospective goals occur prior to the conflict; for instance, prior to a vacation trip a wife may be thinking of going to a destination that includes shopping, while the husband may be thinking of going somewhere remote that allows for some fishing. Transactive refer to goals as the conflict is unfolding. The couple may realize that each of them have different interests, forcing them to adjust their expectations, like choose a destination that offe rs a little of both. Finally, there are retrospective goals, which occur after the conflict. Husband and wife may spend time and effort justifying to themselves the reasons they are adopting new goals. Another concept for improving conflict goals is to clarify one’s goals to the other. Clarifying goals allow for the elimination of misconceptions and arrival at a mutual agreement. It also helps to estimate the other person’s goals, in order to prepare an alternative proposal before the conflict may start, instead of just reacting to conflict situation. Finally, it is possible to arrive at collaborative goals among the conflicting individuals. By collaborating in goal setting, the short, medium, and long-range issues are addressed prior to the start of the conflict. The goals then arrived at are capable of being acted upon. PROJECT 1. Overview of the case The situation involves the conflicting goals of the cast, crew, producer and director of a play which is just to begi n production. The producer needs a commercial success, and the director is faced with the pressure of fulfilling this requirement while assembling his people who have conflicts with one another. 2. Presentation of the key facts The director, Roger, is uncertain of how to envision the new play. He is joined by Marla, the costumer, who is enthusiastic but a trifle disorganized. Tim, the set designer, and Risa, who is in charge of lighting, disagree about